eucalypt buds in April

Several of the eucalypts planted three or more years ago are now in bud. A couple of them have kept the buds for several months over the summer, while some of the others seem to be budding up for the first time.

Last Spring was extremely wet, and we lost a few Acacias – and a couple of Eucalypts that were never happy with the cold and wet of Winter anyway. Last summer, however, was dry and there were several of the usual hot days, so I assume that the roots of many of the plants had been either drowned or encouraged by the constant damp, and then stressed by the dry. It could be that these eucalypts were inspired by conditions to try to reproduce. The whole idea of the plantings was to experiment and take note of what happens, so this post is a record of some of the changes.


E. incrassata. Image taken April 2023. Planted March 2018

This E. incrassata is one I tried for the second time I tried to grow dryland eucalypt incrassata. The first attempt was on the usually favoured (by natives) front ex-weed-plum slope, but that one didn’t last more than one winter there. This one is planted in the upper south paddock, in front of (i.e. to the north of) a couple of large Acacia: one provincialis (planted by me) and one mearnsii (already there). This individual plant seems more robust than the previous incrassata since it has survived last spring’s constant damp. At the same time, it is still no higher than hip height at 5 years old. The photo does not show the buds too well, as they are small and hidden by leaves in this image, but their discovery by me was a source of great interest..


Next up, the second planted E. preissiana, this one located in the mid-south paddock.

E. preissiana. Image taken April 2023. Planted April 2020.

This second E. preissiana planted on the property seems to be coping with conditions – despite it being in semi shade some of the day, as well as being in what I assume is shallow soil over granite boulders. Many of the leaves died back after last spring’s constant water runoff flowing past its roots, but it is now regrowing, and putting out buds. It is still only about knee height, however.

The first preissiana was planted the year before in the front windmill patch in full sun and on a slope, but every summer the leaves die back due to it not being able to cope with the heat, and despite being watered. That plant has a substantial lignotuber, and so it starts resprouting as soon as the weather cools down and water is applied. However, that first E. preissiana has not even been able to produce flower buds yet.


The next image shows the buds on the oldest E. scoparia on the property, in the same part of the mid-south paddock as the previously shown E. preissiana.

E. scoparia. Image taken April 2023. Planted October 2017.

This first E. scoparia planted by me, was located in a position which seemed to be similar to species scoparia’s original locale on the granite belt of the Northern Tablelands of NSW – since this patch in the middle of the ‘south paddock’ is on a slope punctuated by large surface granite boulders.

The tree grew very fast and always looked like the classic scoparia with the long thin vertically hanging leaves and white trunk. Unfortunately, last spring’s weather which caused the constant waterlogging of the soil, combined with the tree’s top-heavy growth, provided conditions for it to lean under the usual wind stress that this property experiences. So far, it seems to be OK with its new aspect, but one of its previous attractions (for me) was its straight vertical posture. While the flowers are not the reason for growing this eucalypt, I’m sure the insects will be happy when they come out.


E. websteriana. Image taken April 2023. Planted March 2018.

This is the first E. websteriana planted on this property and, like the previous E. scoparia, it was planted in the mid south paddock, but slightly lower down the slope, in a small swale between two broad surface granite boulders. This one has produced buds and flowers every year since it was planted, and so a second one was planted further down the slope of the south paddock in similar conditions behind a surface granite boulder. That one has similarly produced buds and flowers every year, although both plants are no higher than waist height.


Slightly further down the slope of the south paddock, is what I think is probably the driest patch on the property. This is where I planted the Eucalyptus mcquoidii to see whether it would fare well in Victoria.

E. mcquoidii. Image taken April 2023. Planted October 2018.

It was just recently that I even noticed these flower buds on the E. mcquoidii, and at first wondered whether they were actually spent flowers rather than buds. They are located under the canopy of the leaves, and so are difficut to see. At about 4 and a half years old, the tree is now about waist height, and looks fairly healthy, with a rounded canopy and shiny green with orange-tinged leaves. as mentioned above, it’s planted in the lower south paddock in a location that always seems dry with small crystal gravelly soil – so that when watered it becomes soggy and liquid. It has close neighbours of local box and camaldulensis.


At the bottom of the south paddock, a 5 year old Eucalyptus cernua, one of the first planted after we moved here in late 2016. This species had been successful in a suburban garden in Adelaide, so I wanted to use its reliabilty here as well – also hoping that this time the flowers might turn out to be red. No luck. Last year was its first flowering and the flowers were yellowish white. At the same time, it has indeed been reliable, growing without much attention and with no issues at all.

E. cernua. Image taken April 2023. Planted October 2017.

Next image is of Eucalyptus brockwayi (Dundas Mahogany), with the buds that have been on the tree for the last 6 months at least. Although I’ve read that this is a fast growing species, so far it has remained at about chest height for the last couple of years. However, after its first summer, it is never given supplementary water, and seems robust.

E. brockwayi. Image taken April 2023. Planted April 2019.

The following image shows some of the buds on the E. occidentalis. At 4 years old, this is the first time buds have been noticed on the tree which has always been happy in this location which is seasonally boggy. During its first summer, it needed to be given some supplementary watering, but since then it has needed to cope with the hot and dry conditions of summer without assistance.

E. occidentalis. Image taken April 2023. Planted April 2019.

The following image shows some of the buds on the Eucalyptus synandra growing in the ‘ex-weed-plum slope’. The plant does not look very robust and is regularly attacked by some sort of insect, but it after last year’s first flowering, it seems to have produced a couple of buds again. On the other hand, its close neighbour and relation, the E. rosacea, is much more robust in appearance, but has so far never flowered.

E. synandra. Image taken April 2023. Planted December 2018.

Next is a poor image of the buds on the E. calycogona. This plant is still just over knee height, despite being 4 years old. Its location on the ‘ex-weed-plum slope’ is also protected by large Acacias, and it needed supplementary watering the first two summers of its life there. It first flowered last year, and now has new buds. In the image can been seen the original plastic frost protector sleeve, since it was believed that the young calycogona was frost sensitive.

E. calycogona. Image taken April 2023. Planted April 2019.

Next image a close-up of the buds on the 5 year old E. stricklandii, most of which have been there since last winter. This tree is planted on what is called the ‘driveway triangle’, on the north side of the property. Some of the buds semi-opened during the summer, and the flowers appear to be yellowish white in colour.

E. stricklandii. Image taken April 2023. Planted April 2018.

In the following image, the buds of the second-planted E. pyriformis can be seen. The first pyriformis planted, in the so-called ‘driveway triangle’ on the other side of the driveway from this plant’s location, has flowered every year – but this individual only produced one flower last year. This year, there seems to be a few more. Images of the actual flowers of this plant can be seen in a previous post.

E. pyriformis. Image taken April 2023. Planted November 2017.

The next image shows the buds on the Eucalyptus woodwardii planted on the boundary of the ex-weed-plum slope. This is the second E. woodwardii I’ve planted, and mainly because they do not seem to care whether they are watered too often or given much attention to grow and to survive.

E. woodwardii. Image taken April 2023. Planted ? 2022

Lots of buds on the Eucalyptus “winterlight” at the moment. Some of them are captured in the following image of the tree planted in the ‘north triangle’. This is the first year that it has flowered, but unfortunately, I didn’t record the date it was planted. It was an early planting, however, so it is at leat 4 or 5 years old. It is also the only eucalypt planted in the north triangle, which is located under the dam, and which remained boggy for several months at the end of last year, – and which also caused a number of plants (some grevillea and some acacia) to die.

E. ‘winterlight’ (E. viridus ssp). Image taken April 2023. Planted November 2017?.

Finally for this post, a recently noticed first budding of the Eucalyptus “Moon Lagoon”. Planted in mid 2017, it has been there for over 5 years, never reached higher than waist height, and often ‘attacked’ by passing kangaroos. Apart from that it has always looked healthy, regularly putting out new growth and not caring about frosty winters, and dry hot summers.

Eucalyptus”Moon Lagoon” (E. latens ssp). Image taken April 2023. Planted June 2017.

Eucalyptus burdettiana

This E. burdettiana was purchased from Dean Nicolle in March 2020, and planted here in May of that year. After checking where E. burdettiana was likely to grow in Western Australia, and what conditions it favoured, I thought this site on the side of a slope comprised of granite boulders might be to its liking. When this tree was planted it had been raining, and water regularly trickled down the boulder above the the small depression in which it had been planted. As the photos below show, it was inclined to grow very quickly, and because this site was also open to strong southerly winds, the sapling was staked on three sides with ropes so that it could move around but would not be blown over.

E. burdettiana. Planted May 2020. Image taken July 2022

However, in early 2023, having become rapidly top-heavy, it was discovered to have almost completely blown over ‘uphill’ rather than downhill – which would have been more expected. The roots on the downhill side were thus exposed and some of the longer thicker roots on either side of the drip line looked as if they had been severed.

After this, the tree was righted and re-staked, and extra soil and two large logs were used at the base of the downhill side of the tree to help the roots become more secure. The following 4 images were taken after the restaking and from 4 different angles. They are reproduced below for recording how it looked then and in case it later succumbs to local wind and rain conditions.

E, burdettiana. Planted May 2020. Image taken March 2023.
E. burdettiana. Planted May 2020. Image taken March 2023.
E. burdettiana. Planted May 2020. Image taken March 2023.
E. burdettiana. Planted May 2020. Image taken March 2023.

According to Nicolle (2016: 174) E. burdettiana is rare both in cultivation and in the wild, so I was even more keen to keep it alive. The Euclid site provides for further information on, and description of this species .


Update July 2023: E. burdettiana seems to have survived the winter so far, and is living in a trickle again. Some of the new leaves look as if they are unhappy with the cold, but they are not dying. Latest image below

E. burdettiana with wet rock. Image taken July 2023.

October 2022 rain makes a bog

Sadly, the rain that has come almost every day this previous month, has left the soil completely sodden and with several paddocks still keeping standing water. While the weeds seem to enjoy the wet, several of the trees and other natives have succumbed to their wet feet.

Those that have died include:

Grevillea barklyana:

Grevillea barklyana. Planted 2020. Image taken November 2022

Acacia leprosa “Scarlet Blaze”:

See earlier post for this tree in flower in Spring: Acacias in flower early Spring 2

Acacia aplanata:

See earlier post for this wattle in flower: Acacias in flower early Spring 2

Acacia verniciflua:


Acacia howittii x 2:

Acacia howittii. Planted 2020. Image taken November 2022: next to 2 other A. howittii. Lower Sth Paddock

Acacia howittii. Planted 2021. Image taken November 2022. Upper Sth Paddock

Acacia paradoxa x 3: [only one is shown]

Acacia paradoxa. Planted 2020. Image taken November 2022. New Back Patch

Grevillea “firecracker”: two plants, the one on the right is on the way out. And, both hard to see among all the weeds, especially Cape Weed…

Grevillea Firecracker. Planted 2018. Image taken November 2022

Some other natives are showing signs of stress and may not survive – since now, in November, we are getting further rain, with the soil still completely waterlogged – if not keeping water on the surface.

Eucalyptus forrestiana (link to earlier image)


Acacia mearnsii (!!). All of the other eight A. mearnsii seem to be surviving well, no issues with watering or frost, but the constant wet seems to have done for this one:

Acacia mearnsii. Planted 2020. Image taken November 2022

Banksia serrata: Despite having a stream flowing past it for the last month, I thought this one was doing well, but several of the branches seem to have died.

Banksia serrata. Planted 2020. Image taken November 2022


Some eucalypts don’t like our Winters

The eucalypts I’ve planted were chosen for being able to withstand heat and drought conditions. My aim was to give them extra water for the first two summers, and after that, they would be on their own. I knew that some of them did not care for frosts, but while this place does get a couple of frosts every winter, they are not severe. The real problem for certain hot and dry loving eucalypts is not the frosts, per se, but the sustained cold combined with wet.

The first image is of the second E. forrestiana I planted – after the first one did extremely well without any extra water at all. However, I recently noted that that particular (first-planted) E. forrestiana has been suffering from the same blight that the others in this post are showing on their leaves – see the following image below this one. Some of the leaves have brown spots and shrivelled areas – something that looks like over-watering to me on other plants, and this browning of leaves notably occurs in winter and after substantial rain.

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E. forrestiana. Planted October 2018. Image taken September 2022

Here is a close up image of the first planted E. forrestiana. This was planted at the bottom of the “Windmill Patch” in late 2016. My records say October, but although we may have been owners at that time, we did not move in until November of that year… In any case, this was one of the first trees I planted here, and this one was never given any extra water, but thrived nonethless – until now (Spring 2022). The leaves are browning and dying off in a way that suggests overwatering.

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E. forrestiana. Planted October 2016. Image taken September 2022

The next image is of E. cyanophylla. This is the second cyanophylla I planted, after the first one died of what I thought might be lack of water in a particularly dry year. This plant never looked back and had been growing very happily and steadily until this Spring and all its rain. The black/purply spots can be easily seen on its leaves.

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E. cyanophylla. Planted April 2019. Image taken September 2022

Next image is E. brandiana. It doesn’t really mind the cold, but some of its leaves are still showing signs of stress. Since the browning has occurred on the older leaves and not the newer ones, it does not worry me so much.

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E. brandiana. Planted May 2020. Image taken September 2022

The next image is of the poor E. pachyphylla (“Red-budded Mallee”), which flowered during its first year in the ground, while it was still a baby. But subsequent winters have stunted it badly, despite being planted in the open on sloping ground.

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E. pachyphylla. Planted October 2018. Image taken September 2022

[Update, November 2022, the poor little thing has died. this Spring has been so wet, that other natives have also died due to the sodden ground and the months of rain leaving much of the property a literal bog]


Next, the 2nd E. pimpiniana I’ve tried to grow, after seeing mature trees and loving their form. But each one has not been so happy with its conditions here. For some reason they seem to like more water than they’re getting – although this one is now showing signs of disliking the damp and cold of this year (2022).

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E. pimpiniana. Planted October 2018. Image taken September 2022

Next, putting in an image of the E. macrocarpa elachantha, since every Winter the leaves at the end of the stems start going brown and a bit crispy. It looks like insect attack in some ways, but I think too co-incidental that this only happens in Winter and most bug attacks seem to occur in warmer weather. In any case, this plant seems to be weathering the weather OK, but doesn’t grow too quickly.

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E. macrocarpa subs elachantha. Planted April 2019. Image taken September 2022

This E. megacornuta started off quite well, but then a couple of damp cool winters and it began to get browned off. It would recover slightly during summer, but this Spring, despite it living on a slope, it has deteriorated further. Last Autumn, I weeded around the base, and spread some native fertiliser, but it doesn’t seem to have helped.

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E. megacornuta. Planted October 2018. Image taken September 2022

The next image is of E. youngiana. I thought it would be happy enough in the full sun slope of the “ex-weed-plum patch”, but it seems to dislike the winter here. I planted this due to one specimen doing very well in Shelley’s back garden in Seymour, where there’s clay soil and it gets more rain. However, I think the site there is a little more protected. I’m hoping this one will recover – once it stops raining!

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E. youngiana. Planted March 2020. Image taken September 2022

Next is an image of the 2nd E. erythrocorus I planted – this one in fullish sun in the lower south paddock and protected somewhat by some Casuarinas. But every year it gets a bit peaky, and even in Summer, it seems to languish. It’s about 4 years old and still a midget with juvenile leaves.

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E. eryrhrocorys 2. Planted April 2018. Image taken September 2022

The sadddest one of all is this E. campaspe ‘silver gimlet’. I think I planted it in the wrong place, since there’s a large tree directly north of it, and so some of the day it is in shade. But what makes me sad is that the poor thing struggled *bravely* to survive year after year here in the “Driveway Triangle”, but now I fear it has finally given up.

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E. campaspe. Planted April 2019. Image taken September 2022




…and, apart from the Eucalypts that don’t like our Winters, there are other natives that, up till this Spring, have been happily burgeoning, but who have now died due to waterlogging I need to assume. When the soil eventually drains, I may need to plant some more….

Acacias in flower early Spring 4

more acacias in flower September

As Spring keeps coming, so do the flowers on all the Acacias. Some of them come out bit by bit, others are in full flush for a short time. Several of the Acacias I’ve planted have not yet begun to flower this year, others have flowered for the first time.

The first two images are of the two Acacia acinaceas (“Gold Dust Wattle”), both planted in the ‘Windmill Patch’, but each one doesn’t look the same as the other one, especially in form/habit. No 1 was planted first and grew very slowly, while No 2 grew fast and flowered fast. No 1 below flowers in stages, while No2 flushes all at once and is so heavy with blossom, that the stems seem to collapse.

Acacia acinacea 1. Planted October 2018. Image taken September 2022
Acacia acinacea 2. Planted April 2019. Image taken September 2022

The next image is of the 2nd Acacia aspera (“Rough Wattle) planted, this one in the open at the top of the ‘Front ex-Weed Patch’. It seems quite happy there, and has never been given extra water. There’s another smaller unidentified wattle in front of it, with a plastic protective sheath still around it – and the shadow of the ipad i used to take the shot can be seen lurking next to that. The first A. aspera planted lives under a large gum in the ‘Lower Cotoneaster Patch’, and has similarly never been given extra water.

Acacia aspera. Planted April 2019 . Image taken September 2022

Next is Acacia denticulosa, or “Sandpaper Wattle” – yes, the leaves are very rough and feel like sandpaper, but what I like about this plant is the orange colour and texture of the new leaves and the lovely long acid-yellow coloured spikes. This particular plant grew very well for a couple of years, and then, after I pruned it, some of the stems died back. It’s naturally very leggy in habit and so difficult to photograph in a way that really shows how glorious it is. The first one I planted did not survive – that patch – The ‘driveway triangle’ – was hot and dry that summer, so it was probably not getting enough water for that first year. The second one, whose images appear below, was planted at the top of the ‘ex-weed patch’ (October 2017), and it seeems as if that area has better soil and water. The first image was taken in September 2022, and the next two were taken in September 2019.

Acacia denticulosa. Planted October 2017. Image taken September 2022

In these next two photos, taken in September 2019, the first image shows the flowers more clearly, and the second shows a close up of the new leaf growth:

Acacia denticulosa. Planted October 2017. Image taken September 2019
Acacia denticulosa. Planted October 2017. Image taken September 2019

The next image shows one of the two Acacia imbricata planted, this one in April 2019 from tubestock brought over from SA’s State Flora. This one is planted in the ‘mid south paddock’, between two boulders on the slope there. The south paddock is alternately dry and hard in Summer, and wet and squelchy in Winter and Spring, and indeed, in Spring 2022, the mossy boulders which can be seen in the next image have water flowing over them.

Acacia imbricata. Planted April 2019. Image taken September 2022

One of my favourite wattles, and not for the flowers, is Acacia howittii. I like them because they grow quite well in wet and dry and hot and cold, and respond well to pruning, so they make a good hedge or screening plant. Of course, if it’s pruned, you won’t get any flowers, but that’s OK, as the flowers, while nicely perfumed, are pretty small. In the next image, one of the three planted in the ‘lower south paddock’ where it is the driest place on the whole property, has started flowering for the first time. Another one planted with this one (March 2019) did not survive, and the other two are smaller and not as robust.

Acacia howittii. Planted March 2019. Image taken September 2022

As I post this (late September), the Acacias in these images which were taken earlier in September, have come into full flower. I’ll put up another post later with more of the same. I’ve already taken the photos, but yet to upload them. When I do, I’ll put a link to it here… for my files..

Acacias in flower early Spring 1: Acacia boormanii

Starting with the four A. boormanii (Snowy River Wattle) planted in various places around the plot

Acacia boormanii. Mid South paddock. Image taken August 2022. Planted August 2018

This one was originally planted with a good space (so I thought) between it and the A. mearnsii next to to it, but it has since needed to grow at an angle to get out of under …

Acacia boormanii. Lower South paddock. Image taken August 2022. Planted November 2018

Acacia boormanii. Upper South paddock. Image taken August 2022. Planted September 2017

Acacia boormanii. Front ex-weed patch. Image taken August 2022. Planted November 2018

More wattles in flower to come in the following post…

Eucalyptus scoparia

It’s cold here in winter, and hot and dry in summer. It reminded me of the Northern Tablelands of NSW, where I lived for two years in the mid 70s while teaching at Tenterfield High School. And Mt Alexander and the stone houses around here are made of a kind of granite. Your Australian geography will tell you that the tablelands on the border of NSW and Queensland is also known as “The Granite Belt”. One of my favourite trees, Eucalyptus scoparia, also known as Wallangarra White Gum, comes from that area, and so it was that the first tree I planted here, in 2016, at a bad time of year for tree planting (December) was an E. scoparia.

The reason I like E scoparia is not on account of its flowers, which are small, pale and hard to even see on the tree – but due to its elegant form. Sinewy white trunk, with long, thin, vertically hanging leaves looking coppery reddish when young, it’s just so pretty to look at. Unfortunately, like many eucalypts, it seems to cross pollinate with other robust trees nearby, and those specimens grow very fast and tall, and not so sinewy… well, they’re still pretty, and if you want a fast growing tree that laughs at cold damp winters, rocky ground and will like it even more if it gets extra water… well…

the first scoparia planted at Warrawing. image taken February 2022

This first scoparia was planted in what I call ‘The Driveway Triangle’. It seemed to do quite well until attacked by borers of some kind in its second year. Because of this, its main trunk has not grown straight, since I cut off the affected branch, and drenched the cut branch with a dessicant powder which insects don’t survive too well.. it seems to have survived, and the borers have not returned.


The second E. scoparia I planted was in what I call the ‘south paddock’, in a patch half way down the hill, where large granite boulders sit at the surface, and after a large patch of weed plums were removed. This one loved its spot and grew very fast and looked like a ‘true’ scoparia. This second scoparia was planted in October 2017.

The second E.scoparia, planted October 2017, mid Sth paddock. Image taken July 2022
Closer-up of the leaves: Second E.scoparia planted. Mid Sth paddock. planted October 2017. Image taken July 2022

The third E. scoparia planted at Warrawing was a second choice after one of the E. synandras failed in this spot, and I wanted another light-leaved, non-dense canopy tree in a set of three, about half way down what I call the “front ex-weed patch”. This slope had been cleared of a large patch of weed plums (sloe plums), and due to it being a slope, I thought should be well-drained, as well as it being aligned north-south. The soil here is deeper and always seems to be well-watered, compared to other sites on the property. This third E. scoparia seems to have been cross pollinated with another eucalypt, since it has grown faster than any of the other eucalypts, its trunk has not yet turned white, and the leaves are not as long and narrow as other scoparias I have admired.

Our third E.scoparia. Planted September 2019. Image taken July 2022 – on an obviously windy day!

The next scoparia I planted was in the front “pepper tree patch”. This one was bought in a tube from McDonalds nursery in Bendigo, and planted in August 2020.

Our fourth E. scoparia. Front ‘pepper tree patch’. planted August 2020. Image july 2022

E scoparia number 5 was planted in the “dam paddock”, near to the drain line which sometimes feeds the dam on the surface – but only when the soil becomes so saturated that it actually does flow – this was so that the tree would be able to access any excess water on that site. This one was planted in a hurry, in September 2020 – since it had been bought in a pot and we were about to go away for a few weeks.


The Fifth scoparia planted, September 2020. Image taken August 2022

This one really likes it here, and it is difficult to phtograph the whole tree.


The sixth scoparia was planted in the “new back patch”, in a sight line from the house, to act as one of the screen plants in preparation for the advent of the garden shed and water tank in the leased paddock behind us on the hill. The New Back Patch was originally going to be left fairly bare, since the patch forms a type of mound, on either side of which any water flows, and also because the view of the hills and Mt Alexander is something I like to see every day. This area is very dry, so I needed to install a set of watering pipes which I can connect to hoses in summer. This one was planted in August 2021, and one year on, seems to have taken quite well, with occasional watering last summer.

E. scoparia 6, New Back Patch. Planted August 2021. Image July 2022

Further description of E. scoparia can be found on the Euclid site.